Everything about Uronarti totally explained
Uronarti was an
ancient Egyptian settlement located below the
Second Cataract. It is well known for its triangular-shaped
fortress, constructed between the reigns of Middle Kingdom rulers
Senusret I and
Senusret III, in the nineteenth century BCE. The site was one of several established in
Nubia during this period as Egyptians sought to expand their influence to the south.
It is documented that Senusret III conducted four military campaigns into
Kush and established a line of forts within signalling distance of one another;
Buhen being the northernmost and the others along the banks of the
Nile were
Mirgissa,
Shalfak,
Uronarti,
Askut,
Dabenarti,
Semna, and
Kumma. The Kushites captured Buhen during the
13th dynasty, and held it until
Ahmose I recaptured it at the beginning of the
18th dynasty. It was stormed and recaptured by indigenous forces at the end of Egypt's
20th dynasty.
The triangular shaped fortress located on an island took advantage of the narrow passage of the Nile between the walls of a canyon. Amongst the series of protective fortresses, Uronarti was the second only to Askut as the smallest. Its fortifications included
bastions,
buttresses,
ramparts,
battlements, and
loopholes. The walls of the fort were about five metres thick and ten metres high, with a length of approximately 120 metres and width of 60 metres. The literature speculates that the imposing fortresses constructed during this period exceeded the military requirement and may be considered a form of
monumental architecture in the manner of the
Giza pyramids or temple of
Karnak.
The fortress was excavated by
George Reisner and the site is now submerged under
Lake Nasser created by the
Aswan Dam in 1964.
Temples dedicated to
Dedwen and
Montu were located near the site.
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